With this easy science experiment children can see the different pigments found in leaves to help answer the question, “Why do leaves change color?” This activity includes a free printable leaf color chart.
I think all kids are fascinated with the natural change of leafy, green, summer leaves, to orange, yellow, and brown fall leaves. When the leaves start to change we always gather as many different colored leaves as we can. After extracting chlorophyll with our Easy Fall Leaf Science Experiment and using markers to create Fall Leaf Absorption Art we decided to see if we could get the pigments in the leaves to separate through chromatography so we could take a closer look at the colors found inside leaves.
Chromatography is “a laboratory technique for the separation of a mixture. The mixture is dissolved in a fluid called the mobile phase, which carries it through a structure holding another material called the stationary phase. The various constituents of the mixture travel at different speeds, causing them to separate.” Wikipedia
The different colors found in leaves are created by different chemicals. I created this handy chart to list the different chemicals and what colors they create in leaves. Green is from chlorophyll, yellow is from flavonoids, orange is from carotenoids, and red is from anthocyanins . You can DOWNLOAD and print the chart or pin to reference back to it later.
Don’t see the box? CLICK HERE to be directed to the download. Please share and pin our printable 🙂 While you are here, take a look at more of our Free Printables.
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Leaf Chromatography Science Experiment
SUPPLIES:
- Rubbing Alcohol-affiliate link
- Blender (I used our little Immersion Hand Blender-affiliate link)
- Glass Jar
- Safety Goggles-affiliate link (optional)
- 1 inch thick and 9 inches long-strips of paper towel
- Leaves (Having leaves with lots of different colors is really fun but you could also use just green leaves and look at the different shades of green from the chlorophyll)
- Tape (optional)
)
(optional)DIRECTIONS:
You can watch our short tutorial video or continue to the directions below. You can also print the directions at the end of this post to make science time easy!
Gather leaves from outside. Make sure they are leaves you can touch safely. If possible, gather leaves that are different colors.
Break the leaves up into tiny pieces and put them into a jar. Try to leave the stems out, but if some get in the jar it is no big deal.
Option: We put different colored leaves all together in one jar. If you have several leaves of the same color you could keep them separate and use one jar per color (Red leaves in one jar, yellow leaves in a second jar… and so forth) You would just need to repeat the experiment for each jar.
Use the blender to break up the leaves more.
Carefully pour the rubbing alcohol into the jar so the leaves are covered.
Fold the paper towel at the top so it can hang over the top of the jar. You can cut off the excess paper towel. We used a piece of tape to secure the paper towel so it wouldn’t fall into the jar. You want the paper towel to be in a vertical position. Let is sit undisturbed. We left ours overnight, however the experiment is done when the paper towel is dry.
Observe the strips of paper towel. Did the pigments separate? What colors do you see? Are some parts lighter and some parts darker? Refer back to the chart to talk about your findings and what types of chemicals can be found on your paper towel from the leaves.
PRINT THE DIRECTIONS:
Leaf Chromatography Science Experiment for Kids
Materials
- Rubbing Alcohol-affiliate link
- Blender (I used our little Immersion Hand Blender-affiliate link)
- Glass Jar
- Safety Goggles-affiliate link (optional)
- 1 inch thick and 9 inches long-strips of paper towel
- Leaves (Having leaves with lots of different colors is really fun but you could also use just green leaves and look at the different shades of green from the chlorophyll)
- Tape (optional)
Instructions
- Gather leaves from outside. Make sure they are leaves you can touch safely. If possible, gather leaves that are different colors.Break the leaves up into tiny pieces and put them into a jar. Leave the stems out. Option: We put different colored leaves all together in one jar. If you have several leaves of the same color you could keep them separate and use one jar per color (Red leaves in one jar, yellow leaves in a second jar… and so forth) You would just need to repeat the experiment for each jar.Use the blender to break up the leaves more. Carefully pour the rubbing alcohol into the jar so the leaves are covered. Fold the paper towel at the top so it can hang over the top of the jar. We used a piece of tape to secure the paper towel so it wouldn't fall into the jar. You want the paper towel to be in a vertical position. Let is sit undisturbed. We left ours overnight, however the experiment is done when the paper towel is dry. Observe the strips of paper towel. Did the pigments separate? What colors do you see? Are some parts lighter and some parts darker? Refer back to the chart to talk about your findings and what types of chemicals can be found on your paper towel from the leaves.
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